Οι κόκκινοι κουίσλινγκ :Ο κομμουνιστικός δοσιλογισμός στην κατεχόμενη Νορβηγία

9 Απριλίου 1940 : Οι Γερμανοί εισβάλουν στη Νορβηγία ............

Το επίσημο όργανο του ΚΚ Νορβηγίας (ΝΚP στα Αγγλικά) "Arbeideren" ("Εργάτης") εκδιδόταν ανεμπόδιστα ΝΟΜΙΜΩΣ και ΚΑΘΗΜΕΡΙΝΩΣ μέχρι τον Αύγουστο του 1940 , όταν ΤΟΤΕ οι Ναζί αποφάσισαν να τους βάλουν στο γύψο, γιατί οι Νορβηγοί κομμουνισταί λόγω συμφώνου Ρίμπεντροπ -Μολότωφ (1939) ήσαν προηγουμένως σύμμαχοί τους.

.........Όταν ήδη στην παρανομία είχαν αρχίσει να εκδίδονται τα πρώτα αντιστασιακά έντυπα, ο Νορβηγικός Ριζοσπάστης εκδιδόταν υπό τη ΣΥΓΚΑΤΑΘΕΣΙ ΤΩΝ ΝΑΖΙ σε πολλές περιοχές της χώρας κανονικώς, νομίμως και αδιαλείπτως ......!!!!

Μάλιστα ακόμα και μετά το επίσημο κλείσιμο του Κομμουνιστικού Κόματος Νορβηγίας τον Αύγουστο του 1940, οι Νορβηγοί Κομμουνισταί συνέχισαν απτόητοι την αγαστή συνεργασία τους με τους ναζιστές κουίσλινγκ, μέχρι την εισβολή των Γερμανών στη Ρωσσία (Ιούνιος 1941) .......!!!!!!

Ο επικεφαλής της πανίσχυρης Συνομοσπονδίας Οργανισμού Εμπορίου ΕΠΙ ΝΑΖΙΣΤΙΚΗΣ ΚΑΤΟΧΗΣ (μέχρι τον Ιουν του 1941) καθώς και ο γραμματέας του ήσαν άκουσον -άκουσον κομμουνισταί ........!!!!!

Στο κατωτέρω δεύτερο άρθρο που παραθέτω επισημαίνεται ιδιαιτέρως το γεγονός ότι οι Νορβηγοί κομμουνισταί όχι μόνο ανεξάρτητα και ιδία πρωτοβουλία δε δρούσαν, αλλά ΕΠΑΙΡΝΑΝ ΚΑΤ' ΕΥΘΕΙΑΝ ΕΝΤΟΛΕΣ ΑΠΟ ΤΗΝ ΚΟΜΜΙΤΕΡΝ . Συγκεκριμένα τον Ιούνιο του 1940 οι Νορβηγοί Κομμουνιστές πήραν ειδικές εντολές από την Εκτελεστική Επιτροπή της Κομμιτέρν, σε ειδική συνδιάσκεψη στη Μόσχα για το πως θα δράσουν υπό γερμανική κατοχή και θα συνεργαστούν αρμονικότατα με τους Ναζί

Κατωτέρω παραθέτω δύο μόνο ΕΝΔΕΙΚΤΙΚΕΣ πηγές (από τις χιλιάδες που υπάρχουν) εις τις οποίες δύνασθαι να ανατρέξετε, προς πλήρη επιβεβαίωσι ΟΛΩΝ των ανωτέρω ιστορικώς καταγεγραμμένων γεγονότων
..
Σας θυμίζουν τίποτε όλα αυτά , άραγε ;

1η Πηγή : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Norway

Germany invaded Norway on 9 April 1940. The NKP publication Arbeideren proclaimed that the war was an imperialist war, and that Germany and the Western powers were equally responsible for its outbreak. According to that analysis the party should not take sides for one of the imperialist powers, a policy that was in clear opposition of the (now exiled) DNA government.However, locally NKP cells in northern Norway began (without the consent of the party leadership) to mobilize resistance activities. In August 1940, NKP was the first Norwegian political party to be banned by the German occupation authorities. The publication of Arbeideren ceased. The party then went underground. However, the party was poorly prepared for underground functioning.....[/size]


2η Πηγή : http://www.ww2f.com/russia-war/22142-stalins-secret-wars-norway.html

THE NKP COLLABORATES
Meanwhile, resistance groups were forming. In the summer of 1940 the first underground newspapers began to appear. The Communists did not have to publish underground papers; their organs were legal and continued to appear daily. In 1940, under German occupation, the NKP continued to publish newspapers in Oslo, Bergen, Odda, Nordland and Finnmark. The Stalinists allied themselves with those, spearheaded by Quisling, who were demanding that the King abdicate. By the end of June, under intense German pressure, the Praesidium of the Norwegian Parliament (the Storting) issued just such a call -- which the King instantly rejected.

In August 1940, the first detentions of Norwegian Jews took place. And in England, the Norwegian Independent Company No. 1 (the famous "Linge Company") was formed. Repression and resistance were growing at the same time.

That month, a conference of the Left parties was held in Oslo, in which the NKP representatives participated. They rejected the proposal to end party agitation in the interests of national unity until the end of the war. Instead, the Communists called for a conciliatory approach toward the German authorities.

But their friendliness toward the Nazi invaders was not reciprocated. In August 16, 1940 the NKP was the first of the Norwegian political parties to be outlawed by the authorities. Their newspaper Arbeideren was finally suppressed. Leaders of the Party were arrested -- though they were promptly released. The Germans soon banned all political parties except for Quisling's NS. There is some reason to believe that the Communists suffered because, though completely loyal to the German-Soviet alliance, they had run articles attacking the local Norwegian Nazis.

Curiously, the Danish Communists did not suffer the same fate. They were left at peace by the Nazi occupiers until after the actual invasion of the Soviet Union, finally being banned only in August 1941.

THE NKP PARALYZED
The Norwegian Communists were compelled to go underground, a possibility they had long considered but were hardly prepared for. They engaged in frantic activity in their efforts to create an illegal party; meanwhile the social democratic DNA, harrassed by the Germans from the very first day of the invasion, had already established a functioning illegal apparatus.

From August 1940 until June 1941, now illegal but unable for political reasons to engage in resistance to the Nazis, the Communists were largely inactive and confused. Six months after the German invasion, a curious picture began to emerge of developments within the NKP.

On the one hand, the Party, though formally illegal, continued to cooperate with the occupation regime, especially in its bid to take over the powerful Norwegian trade union federation (LO). The Communists teamed up with Quisling in what has been called "an aggressive, loud-voiced faction" known as the Trade Union Opposition. According to one report, "individuals belonging to this faction had close links with the Gestapo and the Reichskommissariat, which could use them to keep track of the trade union leaders. One Communist became the personal secretary to the new head of the LO trade union federation, who overnight joined the NKP himself. He chose a Communist to serve as his press secretary. A biographer of Quisling attributed trade union restraint in the first year of Nazi rule "to the power of the Communist Party in the unions."
On the other hand, veteran Communist leader Peder Furubotn, who had returned to Bergen after a long stay in the USSR, wrote a letter in the fall of 1941 to Arbeideren editor Kristiansen in Oslo, criticizing the party line. He called for an end to collaboration with the Germans, rejected the Oslo leadership and its decisions, and criticized both German and British imperialism. In July 1940, Bergen's Communists had participated in a conference of western Norwegians which did call for resistance to the Nazis.

Some historians have interpreted this to mean that Furubotn and the Bergen Communists were already involved in the resistance, and were therefore acting independently of Stalin and the Comintern, but others claim that this was never the case. Furubotn was a most loyal Stalinist, having lived for years in the USSR. The whole issue of Furubotn's conduct came up again years later, after the war, when in the anti-Tito campaign of Stalin's twilight years, leading Communists throughout Europe were purged for "nationalist deviations". In other words, Furubotn would eventually be accused by Stalin of having been excessively anti-Nazi.

If there were Communists anywhere in Norway who were active in the resistance before June 1941, they could be found in the northernmost provinces of the country. We have already mentioned the reaction of the Party members in Troms ("Communists are Norwegians!"). The fact is that these provinces, thanks to Soviet success in the winter war with Finland, now shared a border with the USSR. They were also traditional strongholds of the NKP, as was Furubotn's Bergen. As a result, the Soviets maintained an underground network of Communists and non-Communists which allowed Moscow to pursue what one historian has called "a flexible policy" in this part of Norway.

It must be emphasized that the Norwegian Stalinists were not acting independently, but under direct Comintern orders. The Executive Committee of the Communist International, meeting in Moscow on June 28, 1940, gave the NKP explicit instructions on how to behave under the German occupation. And just prior to the German invasion, Comintern representatives visited Oslo and gave out orders to the Party leadership. During the war years, contacts were kept up through the Norwegian emigres and the Soviet embassy in neutral Stockholm. Couriers kept up the link between the NKP headquarters in Slidre, in the mountains of south-central Norway, and the Comintern representatives in Sweden. And of course the Communists in Finnmark and other northern provinces got their orders from across the border, which was constantly being crossed by Soviet and Communist agents. Meanwhile, German repression intensified. The first to suffer were Norway's Jews. In April 1941, Norwegian communities were compelled to produce surveys of the number of "pure Jews" in the country. On April 21, German troops forced their way into the synagogue in Trondheim, one of only two in the country, desecrating it and converting it into a dwelling for German troops in transit.

Resistance began to grow rapidly, spearheaded by the resignation of Norway's Supreme Court judges in December 1940 and the famous pastoral letter issued by the Norwegian churches in February 1941. In London, the King broadcast messages of resistance. British SOE commandos, including Norwegian troops, made raids on coastal towns. The armed Norwegian resistance known as "Milorg" was launched.

But the Hitler-Stalin pact was still in force, and would remain so until Hitler broke it. In May 1941, a month before the German invasion of the USSR, Stalin had himself proclaimed Prime Minister of the Soviet Union, taking over the reigns of both government and Party. His first act as head of the Soviet state was to ask the Norwegian envoy to close his embassy in Moscow and to leave Russia. Stalin told him that his government had ceased to exist.

This must have been a difficult period for the Norwegian Stalinists. The Communists were not involved in and could not be involved in resistance activity before June 22, 1941, when Germany invaded the Soviet Union. But from that moment on, the Comintern ordered a one hundred and eighty degree turn in the party line. The "imperialist war" had suddenly become a "great patriotic war".

Περισσέ , λυπάμαι (για μια ακόμα φορά) πολύ...........
ПЗРЙϽϽЗ договора оформлялись (с грубымик оторых) стояли
ΔΑΙΔΑΛΟΣ - Дедал
http://www.greekbooks.gr/BookDetails.aspx?id=195748[/rand]

3η πηγή :
Το βιβλίο κόλαφος για τη συνεργασία Νορβηγών Κομμοθνιστών και Ναζί



Communists and collaboration

The Nazi-Soviet Pact, signed on 23 August 1939, is one of the most infamous diplomatic manoeuvres in modern history. Even though it was signed eight days before German forces invaded Poland (the event which marked the beginning of the Second World War), it is a prime example of collaboration, or a very specific kind of collaboration, in action. The Pact, formally known as the Treaty of Non-Aggression Between Germany and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, was signed on behalf of Germany by Ribbentrop and on behalf of the Soviets by Molotov.[9] The main themes of the treaty were clear:
cooperation, non-aggression and mutual guarantees. It created a situation in which the USSR (a Communist state) and Germany (a fascist state) agreed not to make war on each other. This, for most observers, was tantamount to the most insidious kind of collaboration. In essence it was a holding operation, a stalling tactic, a Machiavellian ploy designed to serve the rather crude short-term interests of both sides. As such, it can be viewed as an example of ’pre-collaboration’, collaboration in advance of the term actually being coined.

Quite predictably, the Pact had tortuous consequences for Communist parties around Europe. In France, the Parti Communiste Français (PCF) was flummoxed
and bemused. Its political reputation was built upon its anti-fascist militancy, yet here was the Soviet leadership - the ’wise men’ in Moscow - getting into bed with Hitler. For many, the manoeuvre was almost beyond comprehension.


...και συνεχίζει στο βιβλίο του ο Peter Davies (Dangerous Liaisons) για τη συνεργασία Ναζί -κομμουνιστών στη Νορβηγία :

"Οι κομμουνιστές στη Νορβηγία, παραμερίζοντας κάθε έννοια ηθικού φραγμού συνεργάστηκαν ΑΥΤΟΒΟΥΛΩΣ με τους Ναζί, και όχι απλώς συνεργάστηκαν αλλά ΤΟΥΣ ΕΚΑΝΑΝ ΤΕΜΕΝΑΔΕΣ "

(η έκφράσις είναι ΕΝΤΕΛΩΣ δική του, σε πιστή μετάφρασι !!!!)
................Παραθέτω προς επιβεβαίωση ΑΥΤΟΥΣΙΟ το σχετικό απόσπασμα :

In Norway, the situation was not dissimilar. Between 1939 and 1941, the Norwegian Communist Party (NKP) displayed a genuine affection for the occupiers and kow-towed to them willingly, with very little interest in the ethics or morality of what it was doing. Eric Lee takes up the story: ’…the small and declining NKP hailed the pact as a masterpiece of Soviet diplomacy…Recognising that a New Order was emerging in Europe, with Germany at its centre, the Norwegian Stalinists were making the case that it was in the best interests of the workers to stay at their jobs, to cease fighting, and to link Norway’s economic fortunes to those of greater Germany…The Communists called for a conciliatoryapproach toward the German authorities.This must have been a difficult period for the Norwegian Stalinists. In June 1941,Germany invaded the USSR, thereby consigning the Pact to the dustbin of history. This was a grave and momentous event, but at least it freed up Communists in France andelsewhere to act in line with their instincts once again